Citizen Engagement in Spatial Planning, Shaping Places Together

This paper explores the roles and practices of collective citizen engagement in spatial planning. Drawing on a selection core articles planning scholarship, it investigates how citizens (re-)shape urban places by responding to perceived flaws addresses societal challenges. Formal interventions are often spatially socially selective, ineffective, or even non-existent due lack institutional capacities resources. Consequently, take that they consider as missing, underperformed ineffective. The shows this results variety complementary to, independent from, opposing formal actors interventions. Five dilemmas face identified, highlighting tensions surface exclusion, participation, governmental responsibilities when claim their role governance.